Mountain maple and balsam fir early response to partial and clear-cut harvesting under aspen stands of northern Quebec

نویسندگان

  • Laurence Bourgeois
  • Christian Messier
  • Suzanne Brais
چکیده

This study is a component of the Sylviculture et aménagement forestier écosystémique project, which examines ecosystem-based forest management strategies in mixedwood boreal forests. Four harvesting treatments, one noharvest, one clearcut, and two partial cuts (33% and 61% of basal area removed), were applied to even-aged aspen stands according to a complete block design. Mountain maple (Acer spicatum Lamb.) and balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.) early response was examined to understand how they react to and interact with canopy opening. Only in clearcuts was maple’s response (increase in growth and density) sustained and significant. Balsam fir suffered from a very slight “growth shock” 1 year after harvesting in both clear-cut and two-thirds partial-cut treatments, but growth and vigour increased with canopy opening during the next 2 years. The first year following harvesting, balsam fir growth was negatively affected by understorey aspen and mountain maple. Our results show that the two-thirds partial harvesting treatment could speed up the conversion of pure aspen stands toward mixedwood. Résumé : Cette étude s’insère dans le cadre du projet Sylviculture et aménagement forestier écosystémique qui examine les stratégies d’aménagement forestier écosystémique en forêt boréale mixte. Quatre traitements de coupe, incluant un témoin, la coupe totale et deux coupes partielles (33 % et 61 % de la surface terrière), ont été appliqués à des peuplements de tremble selon un dispositif en blocs complets. La réponse de l’érable à épis (Acer spicatum Lamb.) et du sapin baumier (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.) a été étudiée afin de comprendre comment ces deux espèces réagissent et interagissent suite à l’ouverture du couvert. L’érable à épis n’a répondu de manière soutenue et significative (augmentation en croissance et densité) qu’à la coupe totale. Le sapin a subi un très léger « choc de croissance » l’année suivant la coupe totale et la coupe partielle deux-tiers, mais les deux années suivantes, la croissance et la vigueur de la régénération de sapin ont augmenté avec l’ouverture de la canopée. La croissance du sapin n’a été négativement affectée par la densité des rejets de tremble et d’érable à épis que la première année après la coupe. Nos résultats indiquent que la coupe partielle deux-tiers accélérerait la succession des peuplements de tremble vers une composition plus

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تاریخ انتشار 2004